Journal: British Journal of Pharmacology

Article Title: Dual inhibition of cannabinoid CB 1 receptor and inducible NOS attenuates obesity‐induced chronic kidney disease

doi: 10.1111/bph.14849

Figure Lengend Snippet: MRI‐1867 reverses the fatty acid‐induced reduction in adiponectin signalling. Mice on standard diet (STD) or high‐fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks were treated with vehicle (Veh) or MRI‐1867 (3 mg·kg −1 ) orally for 28 days. (a–c) MRI‐1867 restored the HFD‐induced reduction in the mRNA renal expression of adiponectin, and Adipo2 but not Adipo1 receptors. Similarly, exposing HK‐2 cells to O:P (0.5 mM, 2:1, respectively) resulted in reduced (d–f) mRNA and protein expression of adiponectin as well as reduced mRNA levels of (g) Adipo1 and (h) Adipo2 receptors. Pretreatment of the cells with MRI‐1867 (100 ng·ml −1 ) completely normalized these changes. (i) A proposed mechanism for the dual blockade of CB 1 receptors and inducible NOS by MRI‐1867 in reversing obesity‐induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is shown. RQ, relative quantitation. In vivo data represent the mean ± SEM from 8 to 14 mice per group. * P < .05, significantly different from animals on STD; # P < .05, significantly different from animals on the same diet. In vitro data represent the mean ± SEM from five independent experiments. * P < .05, significantly different from Veh‐treated cells under normal conditions; # P < .05, significantly different from Veh‐treated cells under O:P conditions. Data were analysed by one‐way ANOVA, followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test

Article Snippet: HK‐2 cells were transfected with CRISPR‐CAS9 vector containing an sgRNA sequence to target all human isoforms of CNR1 (Genecopeia™, Cat# CS‐HCP263432‐CG01‐01‐B) using Lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen, Cat# L3000‐001) and selected with hygromycin (200‐μM; Sigma‐Aldrich, Cat# H3274).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitation Assay, In Vivo, In Vitro

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rh1 Alleviates HK-2 Apoptosis by Inhibiting ROS and the JNK/p53 Pathways

doi: 10.1155/2020/3401067

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cisplatin decreased the vitality of HK-2 cells. ∗ P < 0.05 vs. all other groups.

Article Snippet: HK-2, a human kidney tubular cell line, was purchased from Shanghai Biotechnology Company (Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rh1 Alleviates HK-2 Apoptosis by Inhibiting ROS and the JNK/p53 Pathways

doi: 10.1155/2020/3401067

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ginsenoside Rh1 increased the vitality of HK-2 cells in a cisplatin-induced injury model. ∗ P < 0.05 vs. all other groups.

Article Snippet: HK-2, a human kidney tubular cell line, was purchased from Shanghai Biotechnology Company (Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rh1 Alleviates HK-2 Apoptosis by Inhibiting ROS and the JNK/p53 Pathways

doi: 10.1155/2020/3401067

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ginsenoside Rh1 improved the apoptosis of HK-2 cells in a cisplatin-induced injury model. (a). Representative fluorescence images of the apoptosis of HK-2 cells; (b) quantitative fluorescence intensities of PI staining. ∗ P < 0.05 vs. all other groups.

Article Snippet: HK-2, a human kidney tubular cell line, was purchased from Shanghai Biotechnology Company (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: A-kinase interacting protein 1 regulates the cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells and affects the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway by binding to Rac1

doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11489

Figure Lengend Snippet: AKIP1 expression increases in ccRCC cell lines. (A) mRNA and (B) protein expression of AKIP1 in ccRCC and normal renal epithelial cell lines were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. *** P<0.001 vs. HKC-5 group. ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; AKIP1, a-kinase interaction protein 1.

Article Snippet: Normal renal epithelial cell lines (HKC-5 and HK-2), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and ccRCC cell lines (NRCC, Caki-1 and A498) were purchased from BioVector NTCC, Inc. HKC-5 and HK-2 cells were cultured in minimum essential medium (MEM; Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) containing 10% FBS (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. ccRCC cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: A-kinase interacting protein 1 regulates the cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells and affects the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway by binding to Rac1

doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11489

Figure Lengend Snippet: AKIP1 binds to Rac1 in ccRCC cells and its downregulation inhibits the Rac1 expression. The (A) mRNA and (B) protein expression of Rac1 in ccRCC cell lines and normal renal epithelial cell lines were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. *** P<0.001 vs. HKC-5 group. The interaction of (C) AKIP1 and (D) Rac1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay. *** P<0.001 vs. input group; ### P<0.001 vs. IgG group. (E) The expression of Rac1 in Caki-1 cells transfected with siRNA-AKIP1 was detected by western blotting. (F) The expression of AKIP1 in Caki-1 cells transfected with siRNA-AKIP1 was detected by western blotting. *** P<0.001 vs. control group; ### P<0.001 vs. siRNA-NC group. ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; AKIP1, a-kinase interaction protein 1; siRNA, small interfering RNA; NC, negative control.

Article Snippet: Normal renal epithelial cell lines (HKC-5 and HK-2), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and ccRCC cell lines (NRCC, Caki-1 and A498) were purchased from BioVector NTCC, Inc. HKC-5 and HK-2 cells were cultured in minimum essential medium (MEM; Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) containing 10% FBS (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. ccRCC cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Transfection, Control, Small Interfering RNA, Negative Control